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The simplest way to create new elements in a document is to move the insertion point to the desired position and to use the Types menu or the buttons corresponding to the most common elements (image, headings, lists, etc.). These buttons and menu items create the corresponding element at the current position.
In some cases, the desired element cannot be created exactly at the
position chosen, because of the constraints imposed by the HTML DTD.
Amaya then tries to create the element at the closest
position where it is allowed. For instance, if the insertion point is at the
end of the last line of a paragraph when you click on the button, Amaya does not
create the new heading at that particular position (which would be invalid),
but after the paragraph (which is probably what you intended).
In some other cases, Amaya changes the existing structure
for creating the desired element. If the insertion point is somewhere within a
list item (LI
) when you create a second level heading (for
example with the button, or from the
menu), the list item and its enclosing list are automatically split, in order
to create the requested heading at the chosen position and to comply with the
HTML DTD.
When creating new elements, it is important to select an insertion point, not some text nor a single character: if the current selection is not empty, Amaya tries to transform the selected part into the element type chosen.
Some documentation of how to use element types is available, as well as a briefly annotated list of all the HTML 4.0 elements.
The Types menu allows you to create
only elements that are part of the document BODY
. To create
elements in the document HEAD
, use the Structure
menu from the Structure view. This menu
works in the same way as the Types menu: put the caret at the
desired position and choose the element type from the
Structure menu.
The Structure menu also allows you to create comments, using its Comment entry. Comments are shown only in the Structure view, but they can be inserted at any position in the document.
Some HTML elements are constituted by several other elements of different
types. For instance, a table contains usually a caption (CAPTION
)
and several rows (TR
) and several cells (TD
or
TH
) in each row.
When Amaya creates such elements, it also creates their components. A table is created with a caption and a row containing a single cell. The insertion point is placed automatically in the first of these components. You can enter the content of that component immediately or later. You can move to the next (empty) component with the mouse or with the arrow keys.
When you are writing a new document or a new part in a document, you often create elements sequentially. To do that, just press the Enter (or Return) key. The current element is terminated and a new one is created just after. This applies obviously to paragraphs, but also to other types of elements, such as headings or table cells for instance.
Most often, the new element created is simply a paragraph, whatever the type of the previous element. If you need another element type, you can immediately change the type of that element, by selecting the desired type in the Types menu or by clicking on the corresponding button, but you can also keep typing and change the type later.
When the insertion point is in an empty element, pressing the Enter key replaces that element by another empty element at the next higher level in the document structure. This feature allows you to create complex nested structures very quickly.
As an example, consider the following structure:
A paragraph in the first item.
To create that structure, create first a numbered list with a first item
(for example by clicking on the button) and type in the first
line. At the end of that first line, press the Enter key: it creates a new
paragraph in the item. At the end of this paragraph, press the Enter key: it
creates yet another paragraph, but pressing the same key again replaces that
paragraph by an empty item 2. At the end of the first line of item 2, create a
new list with its first item (for example click on the
button). The
new list will automatically be nested. Item b. is created by a double Enter at
the end of item a. When the insertion point is at the end of item b, create
item 3 by four successive Enters. To create the paragraph that follows these
lists, press Enter three times when the insertion point is at the end of item
3.
The Enter key works in the same way when the insertion point is at the beginning of an element, but it creates new elements before the current element.
For instance, you can add an initial paragraph in a list item by moving the insertion point before the first character of that item and pressing Enter. If you press Enter twice, you get a new item before the current item. This is useful for inserting a new item before the first one.
This use of the Enter key does not apply only to lists and paragraphs, but to all elements. It is for instance very convenient for creating tables.
When a paragraph or another block of text is styled - terminated by an anchor or a character string in bold, italic or other such style - moving the insertion point to the end and typing appends characters to the anchor or the styled string. If you want to exit this styled element and enter plain text, just press Enter to exit from the anchor or styled element, and continue typing.
The same method can be used to enter plain text at the beginning of a block starting with an anchor or styled characters.
The Enter key is also useful for editing definitions lists. Consider the following example:
- Term1
- Term2
- Definition of both terms.
It is a definition list (dl
) containing two terms
(dt
) followed by a definition (dd
). To add a new
paragraph within the definition (dd
), put the caret at the end
(after word "terms") and hit the Enter key. If you hit Enter twice, you exit
from the current definition (dd
) and you create a new term
(dt
). At the end of that new term, pressing Enter once allows you
to create another new term (dt
). Pressing Enter twice creates a
new definition (dd
) instead.
If you want to create a new term and its definition before Term1,
put the caret at the beginning of "Term1" and press Enter. Type the new term
(dt
). Then press Enter twice: a new definition (dd
)
is created right after the new term.
You can edit the document title (TITLE element) in with the menu entry Types/Change Title. You can also edit the document title in the structure view.
For the XHTML, MathML, SVG documents as well as for MathML or SVG elements included into a HTML document, Amaya removes the insignificant white-space characters when it loads a document unless they must be explicitly preserved.
Are considered as insignificant white-space characters:
If an author wants to preserve all the characters for some elements, he can
use the xml:space
attribute or the element PRE
(that
element is only valid for XHTML documents). The only possible values for that
attribute are "default
" and "preserve
". The value
"default
" signals that applications' default white-space
treatments are acceptable for these elements. In Amaya, the default treatment
removes the insignificant white-space characters for all supported DTD (see
above). The value "preserve
" indicates the intent that
applications preserve all the characters, except the first one that
immediately follows the end tag of the element where it is specified if that
element is an end of line. The xml:space
attribute is applied to
all elements within the content of the element where it is specified, unless
overriden with another instance of the xml:space
attribute.
Concerning the XHTML DTD, the element PRE
causes the same
behaviour that the xml:space
attribute with the value
"preserve
".
Amaya applies the white space handling when it loads a document, not when we are editing it. A consequence is that if you type insignificant white-space characters, its will be visible and saved but will be removed at the next loading. For example, the following source code:
<p>Amaya removes the<strong> insignificant white-space
</strong>when it loads ...</p>
gives during edition:
Amaya removes the insignificant white-space when it loads...
and will be saved with that syntax. At the next loading of the document, this code will give:
Amaya removes the
insignificant
white-space
when it loads...
because the leading space and the trailing space of the element
strong
are considered as insignificant and are removed.
The correct source code would be:
<p>Amaya removes the <strong>insignificant
white-space</strong> when it loads ...</p>