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4. LUG °µ¨Ç¤°»ò?

ÀHµÛ°Ï°ìªº¤£¦P, LUG ªº¥Ø¼Ð¤]¦U¦³«Ü¤jªº®t²§¡C ¨Ã¨S¦³©Ò¿×ªº¡uLUG ³W½d¡v (¥»¤å¤]¤£¬O)¡C ¨S¦³¤@­Ó¡u¤¤¥¡¬F©²¡v¦b²Îªv Linux¡F ¦P¼Ë¦a¡A°Ï°ì©Êªº LUG ¤]³£¬O¿W¥ß¦Û¥Dªº¡C

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4.1 ±À¼s Linux ¨t²Î

¹ï¹q¸£¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¨Ó»¡¡A·Q­n±À¼s Linux ³oºØ·Qªk´N¹³¦Y¶º©MºÎı¤@¼Ë¦ÛµM¡C ·í§Aµo²{¦³¼ËªF¦è¥\¯à«Ü¦n¡A«Ü¦ÛµMªº´N·|·Q­n§i¶D©Ò¦³ªº¤H¡C ¦U¦a LUG ¦b±À¼s Linux ªº¹Lµ{¤¤©Ò§êºtªº¨¤¦â«D±`­«­n¡A ¯S§O¬O¦]¬° Linux ¶¯«pªº°Ó·~¤Æ¼ç¤O¤@ª½³£¥¼¨ü¨ì¤@¯ë¤H¥¿µø¡C ¦b³oªi Linux ¹B°Ê¤¤¡A¦³¹q¸£Âø»x¹ï Linux §@¥¿­±ªº³ø¾É©TµM­È±o³Üªö¡F §Y¨Ï§A§Ú¥u¬O¤@­Ó¨Ï¥Î¹L Linux ¤§«á·P¨ì«Üº¡·Nªº­Ó¤H¡A §Ú­Ì¯à°÷§i¶D§Ú­ÌªºªB¤Í¡B¦P¨Æ¡B¤W¥q¡B³¡ÄÝ, ¤]³£¬O¦n¨Æ¡C

¹ª§j¨Ï¥Î Linux ªº¦æ°Ê¥i¥H°µ±o«Ü¦³®Ä²v¡A¤]¥i¯à¬y©ó§j¤ò¨D²«¡C Linux ¨Ï¥ÎªÌÀ³¸Ó­n«O«ù±À¼sªº¬¡¤O¡A¦ý³o¦P®É¥²¶·ª`·N¨ì±À¼sªº¤è¦¡¡C ¥H¨ÏªÀ·|¹ï³o­Ó²£«~¥»¨­¡B¥¦­I«áªº¬ãµoªÌ¡B¥H¤Î¥¦ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ²£¥Í¥¿­±ªº¦L¶H¡C ¦b Linux Documentation Project ¤¤ªº Linux Advocacy mini-HOWTO ¸Ì¹ï³oÂI¦³§ó¸Ô²Óªº»¡©ú¡A¦b³o¸Ì§Ú­Ì¥u±j½Õ°Ï°ì©Ê LUG ¦b±À¼s Linux ³o¶µ¤u§@¤W§êºtµÛÁ|¨¬»´­«ªº¨¤¦â¡C

¤]³\¦³¤@¤Ñ Linux ²×±N¨ü¨ì¥¦À³±oªºªÖ©w¡A ¤]³\¦³¤@¤Ñ¡§¨S¦³¤H·|¦]¬°¨Ï¥Î Linux ¦Ó¥á±¼¤u§@¡¨²×±N¦¨¬°¨Æ¹ê¡A ¨º»ò±À¼s Linux ´N¤£¦A¬O¤@¥ó³o»ò­«­nªº¨Æ±¡¤F¡C ¦ý¬O¦b³o¤Ñ¨Ó¨ì¤§«e, °Ï°ì©Êªº LUG ¦b±À¼s Linux ³o¶µ¤u§@¤W³£±N§êºt¤£¥i©Î¯Êªº¨¤¦â¡C ¦]¬°³o¼Ëªº±À¼s¬¡°Ê­I«áªº°Ê¾÷¬Oµ½·Nªº¡B¨S¦³§Q®`Ãö«Yªº¡A ¦Ó¥B¬O¥Ñ¤@­Óªø´Á©Êªº²Õ´¦b¤ä«ù¡C ¸g¥Ñ LUG ª¾¹D Linux ªº¤H¦b¹B¥Î Linux ³o­Ó¹Lµ{·í¤¤¤w¸g¦û¤F¥ý¾÷¡G ª¾¹D¦³¤HÄ@·NÀ°§U¦w¸Ë¡B³]©w¡B¬Æ¦ÜºÞ²z Linux ¾÷¾¹¡C

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4.2 Linux ±Ð¨|

°Ï°ì©Êªº LUG ¤£¶È¥i¥H±q¨Æ±À¼s Linux ªº¤u§@¡A §ó¥i¥H¹ï¥¦ªº¦¨­û¤D¦Ü¸Ó¦a°Ïªº¹q¸£¨Ï¥Î¤H¤f´£¨Ñ±Ð¨|°V½m¡A ¨ó§U¥L­Ì¨Ï¥Î Linux ¤Î¬ÛÃöªº¦Û¥Ñ³nÅé¡C §Ú­Ó¤H»{¬°±Ð¨|°V½m¥i¥H»¡¬O LUG ³Ì­«­nªº¨Ï©R¡C ·íµM, ¥ý«e¤]»¡¹L, ¨C­Ó LUG ¥i¥H¦Û¥Ñ¨M©w¥L­Ìªº¹B§@­«¤ß¡F ¦ý¬O§Ú¬Û«H¦b³oªi Linux ¹B°Ê¤¤¡ALUG ³Ì¯à°÷µo´§¼vÅT¤Oªº¦a¤è´N¦b©ó±Ð¨|°V½m¤F¡C

¦³¨Ç LUG ¦³Å³©ó¤@¯ëªº Linux ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¯Ê¥F¾Ç²ß¬ÛÃö§Þ³Nªº¾÷·|¡A ¦]¦ÓÅó¤U¤F°ö°V¤u§@¡C ©TµM¦³¶V¨Ó¶V¦hªº¤j±M°|®Õª`·N¨ì Linux ªº°ª«~½è»P§C»ù¦ì¡A ¦]¦Ó¶}©l¥Î¥¦¨Ó±Ð UNIX ¨t²Î¡F ¦ý¬O¤´Â¦³¤@¨Ç Linux ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©ÎªÌ¯Ê¥F·NÄ@¡A©ÎªÌ¨S¦³¾÷·|­×³o¼Ëªº¥¿½Ò¡C ³o¨Ç¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥i¥H±q LUG ³B¾Ç²ß¨ì³\¦h¶i¶¥ªº¹q¸£§Þ¯à¡A½Ñ¦p UNIX ¨t²ÎºÞ²z¡A ¨t²Îµ{¦¡³]­p¡AInternet ¤Î Intranet Àô¹Òªº¬[³]»PºÞ²zµ¥µ¥¡C

¿Ø¨ëªº¬O¡A³\¦h LUG ¨ä¹ê¬O¦b¤À¾á¤j¤½¥qªº°ö°V¤u§@¡C ¨C¦h¤@¦ì Acme Corp ªº­û¤u¦]¬°°Ñ»P LUG ªº¬¡°Ê¦Ó¼Wªø¤F¹q¸£§Þ¯à¡A Acme Corp ´N¬Ù¤U¤@¥÷°V½m­û¤uªº¸ê·½©Î¸g¶O¡C ·íµM¦b®a¸Ì¨Ï¥Î¡BºÞ²z¤@³¡¶] Linux ªº PC ¸ò¦b¤j¤½¥qµ¥¦a¤è¦h¤H¨Ï¥Îªº¤j¹q¸£¤WªºÀô¹Ò¤£¤Ó¤@¼Ë¡C ¦ý¬O¤ñ°_¨Ï¥Î Windows 95¡A¨Ï¥Î Linux ©ÒÀò±oªºª¾ÃѤθgÅ礣ª¾¹D­n¦h¤W¦h¤Ö­¿¡C ¦Ó¥BÀHµÛ Linux ¦b¤Î®É©Ê¤Î¨ä¥L¦yºÝ§Þ³N¤è­±ªº¶i¨B¡A ¥¦»P "¯u¥¿ªº" UNIX ¤§¶¡­ì¥»´N¤£©úÅ㪺®t²§¤]±N¶V¨Ó¶V¼Ò½k¡C

¤µ¤éªº¸ê°T¬ì§Þ¦b¥þ²yªº¸gÀÙ¤¤§êºtµÛ¶V¨Ó¶V­«­nªº¨¤¦â¡A ¦Ó LUG ´£¨Ñ³o¼Ëªº±Ð¨|°V½m¾÷·|¤£¶È¥i¥H°V½m¤H­û¡A §ó¬O¤@ºØ¥HªÀ°ÏªA°È¤è¦¡±À¼s Linux ªº¾÷·|¡C ¥H¬ü°ê¤j«°¥«¬°¨Ò¡ALUG ¥i¥H±N Linux ±a¤J¾Ç®Õ¡B¤¤¤p¥ø·~¡BªÀ°Ï¡BªÀ¹Î²Õ´µ¥¦a¤è¡C ³o»ò§@¦³±À¼s Linux ªº®ÄªG¡AÅý¤@¯ë¤j²³±o¥H­É¥Ñ Linux ¾Ç²ß UNIX ¨t²Î¡C ¦pªG³o¨Ç¾÷ºc¨M©w¬[³]ºô¯¸¥H´£°ªª¾¦W«×©Î´£¨Ñ¤º³¡¦¨­û¤W½uªA°È¡A LUG ´N¦³¾÷·|¶i¤@¨B±N³o¼Ë¤@­Ó¦Û¥Ñ§@·~¨t²Î¤¶²Ðµ¹ªÀ°Ï¤j²³¡A³o¤]¬O¤@ºØªÀ°ÏªA°È¡C ³oºØ¤j¤è°^Äm¦Û¤vª¾ÃѤO¶qªººë¯«¥¿¬O Linux ¥H¤Î¦Û¥Ñ³nÅé¬Éªº¯SÂI¤§¤@¡A ÁöµM¤£¬O¨C¦ì Linux ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³£¹³ Linux Torvalds ¤@¼Ë·|¼gµ{¦¡¡A §Ú­ÌÁ`¥i¥H°µ¤@¨Ç§Ú­Ì¯à¤O©Ò¤Îªº¨Æ¨Ó¦^õX¨ä¥L Linux ¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡BLinux ªÀ·|¡B¬Æ¦Ü¬O§Ú­Ì©Ò©~¦íªºªÀ°Ï¡C

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Linux ªº°ö°V¤u§@¹ï©ó¤@­Ó LUG ©Ò­n±q¨Æªº¨ä¥L¬¡°Ê (¤×¨ä¬O¤U­zªº§Þ³N¤ä´©¤u§@) ¦Ó¨¥¡A¨ã¦³¥[¦¨ªº®ÄªG¡C ¶V¦¨¥\ªº°ö°V±N±a¨Ó¶V¦¨¥\ªº§Þ³N¤ä´©¡C LUG ·í¤¤¦³¶V¦h¤H¦³¨¬°÷ªºª¾ÃÑ©M§Þ³N¡A¹ï¥~ªº§Þ³N¤ä´©´N¶V»´ÃP¡A ¦Ó¤ä´©ªº½d³ò¤]¥i¥H¶V¤j¡C ¦pªG LUG ¯à´£¨Ñ§ó¦hªº°ö°V¾÷·|µ¹ªì¾ÇªÌ¡ALUG ¥»¨­ªº²Õ´»P¤O¶q¤]´N¶V¤j¡C ¤Ï¤§¡A¦pªG LUG ¥u±Mª`¦b§Þ³N¤ä´©¦Ó©¿²¤¤F°ö°V¡A ¨º»ò³o­Ó¹ÎÅ骺¦¨ªø¦ÛµM·|¹J¨ì²~ÀV¡C ¦pªG·sªº Linux ¨Ï¥ÎªÌµLªk±q LUG ³B±o¨ì¾A·íªº´©§U¡A ¥L­Ì«Ü§Ö´N·|Â÷¶} LUG¡C ¦pªG LUG ¤º³¡¦³¸û¦hªº¤H¤O§ë¤J¹ï¨ä¥L¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº±Ð¨|°V½m¤u§@¡A ¨º»ò LUG ¦ÛµM´N¦³§ó¤jªº¦¨ªøªÅ¶¡¡C Linux ªº°ö°V¦b³o¸Ì§êºt¤F«D±`­«­nªº¨¤¦â¡G¥¦±N·s¤âÂàÅܬ°¦Ñ¤â¡C

Linux ¬O¦Û¥Ñ³nÅ骺¤@¨¤¡AªA°È©Ê½èªº Linux ±Ð¨|°V½m¦]¦Ó¤]¬O¤@­Ó¦V¤j²³¤¶²Ð¦Û¥Ñ³nÅ骺¾÷·|¡C LUG ¥i¥H±Nµø³¥©ñ¼e¡A°£¤F¤¶²Ð Linux ªº¨Ï¥Î¤§¥~¡A¤]¤¶²Ð¨ä¥L¬ÛÃöªº¦Û¥Ñ³nÅé¡C ¨Ò¦p³\¦hªº GNU À³¥Îµ{¦¡¡BGNU ¤u¨ã³nÅé¡BApache ºô¸ô¦øªA¾¹¡BXFree86¡BTeX¡BLaTeX µ¥µ¥¡C ¦b Linux ©³¤Uªº¦Û¥Ñ³nÅé¼Æ¶qºØ©MÃþ³£¬Û·íªº¦h¡C

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4.3 Linux §Þ³N¤ä´©

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