為了分享 Windows 機器上的印表機, 你必須做以下步驟:
a) 你必須在 /etc/printcap 內有適當的記錄,而且他們必須與當地目錄結構 (像 spool 目錄等) 相符合.
b) 你必須有 script 檔 /usr/bin/smbprint. 這會隨附在 Samba source, 但不是隨附於所有 Samba binary 發行套件. 一個稍微修改版本在以下討論.
c) 如果你想要轉換 ASCII 檔到 Postscript,你必須有netscript,或與其等效的. netscipt 是一種 Postscript 轉換器而且一般是安裝在 /usr/bin.
d) 你可以希望藉由有易於使用的 frond end 來使 Samba 列印更容易. 一種用於處理 ASCII, Postscript 或建立 Postscript 的簡單 perl script 在下面給定.
以下 /etc/printcap 項目用在 Windows NT 主機上 HP 5MP 印表機. 這些項目如下:
cm - comment
{說明}
lp - device name to open for output
{為了輸出,而要開啟的設備名稱}
sd - the printer's spool directory (on the local machine)
{印表機的 spool 目錄 (在當地的機器上)}
af - the accounting file
{帳號檔案}
mx - the maximum file size (zero is unlimited)
{最大檔案大小 (零表示沒限制)}
if - name of the input filter (script)
{輸入過濾之名稱 (script)}
要取得更多資訊,請看 Printing HOWTO 或者關於 printcap 的 man page.
# /etc/printcap
#
# //zimmerman/oreilly via smbprint
#
lp:\
:cm=HP 5MP Postscript OReilly on zimmerman:\
:lp=/dev/lp1:\
:sd=/var/spool/lpd/lp:\
:af=/var/spool/lpd/lp/acct:\
:mx#0:\
:if=/usr/bin/smbprint:
請確定 spool 和 accounting{帳號} 的目錄存在且可寫入. 請確信某行有適當的路徑指到 smbprint script (在下面會給) 而且確定適當的設備被指到 ( /dev 下某個檔).
下個是 smbprint script 本身. 它通常被擺在 /usr/bin 而且是因為 Andrew Tridgell 的緣故,而據我所知是他創造了 Samba. 它隨附在 Samba source 發行套件, 但在某些 binary 發行套件並沒有, 所以在這我再造一個.
你可以希望仔細地看這個. 有某些較小的修改已經證明它們是很有用的.
#!/bin/sh -x
# This script is an input filter for printcap printing on a unix machine. It
# uses the smbclient program to print the file to the specified smb-based
# server and service.
# For example you could have a printcap entry like this
#
# smb:lp=/dev/null:sd=/usr/spool/smb:sh:if=/usr/local/samba/smbprint
#
# which would create a unix printer called "smb" that will print via this
# script. You will need to create the spool directory /usr/spool/smb with
# appropriate permissions and ownerships for your system.
# Set these to the server and service you wish to print to
# In this example I have a WfWg PC called "lapland" that has a printer
# exported called "printer" with no password.
#
# Script further altered by hamiltom@ecnz.co.nz (Michael Hamilton)
# so that the server, service, and password can be read from
# a /usr/var/spool/lpd/PRINTNAME/.config file.
#
# In order for this to work the /etc/printcap entry must include an
# accounting file (af=...):
#
# cdcolour:\
# :cm=CD IBM Colorjet on 6th:\
# :sd=/var/spool/lpd/cdcolour:\
# :af=/var/spool/lpd/cdcolour/acct:\
# :if=/usr/local/etc/smbprint:\
# :mx=0:\
# :lp=/dev/null:
#
# The /usr/var/spool/lpd/PRINTNAME/.config file should contain:
# server=PC_SERVER
# service=PR_SHARENAME
# password="password"
#
# E.g.
# server=PAULS_PC
# service=CJET_371
# password=""
#
# Debugging log file, change to /dev/null if you like.
#
logfile=/tmp/smb-print.log
# logfile=/dev/null
#
# The last parameter to the filter is the accounting file name.
#
spool_dir=/var/spool/lpd/lp
config_file=$spool_dir/.config
# Should read the following variables set in the config file:
# server
# service
# password
# user
eval `cat $config_file`
#
# Some debugging help, change the >> to > if you want to same space.
#
echo "server $server, service $service" >> $logfile
(
# NOTE You may wish to add the line `echo translate' if you want automatic
# CR/LF translation when printing.
echo translate
echo "print -"
cat
) | /usr/bin/smbclient "\\\\$server\\$service" $password -U $user -N -P >> $logfile
大部分 linux 發行套件隨附 nenscript 其用來轉換 ASCII 文件成 Postscript. 以下 perl script 經由 smbprint 使更容易提供一種簡單介面給 linux 的列印.
Usage: print [-a|c|p] <filename>
-a prints <filename> as ASCII
-c prints <filename> formatted as source code
-p prints <filename> as Postscript
If no switch is given, print attempts to
guess the file type and print appropriately.
使用 smbprint 來列印 ASCII 檔案便於截斷過長的行. 如果可能的話,這個 script 截斷長行於空白鍵處(取代在字的中間).
格式化過的原始碼是被 nenscript 處理過. 它處理 ASCII 檔而且用個特選的標頭(像 date,filename等)格式化成兩欄. 它也可計算行數. 使用這當作例子, 其他格式型態可以達成的.
Postscript 文件已經適當地格式化了,所以它們直接通過.
#!/usr/bin/perl
# Script: print
# Authors: Brad Marshall, David Wood
# Plugged In Communications
# Date: 960808
#
# Script to print to oreilly which is currently on zimmerman
# Purpose: Takes files of various types as arguments and
# processes them appropriately for piping to a Samba print script.
#
# Currently supported file types:
#
# ASCII - ensures that lines longer than $line_length characters wrap on
# whitespace.
# Postscript - Takes no action.
# Code - Formats in Postscript (using nenscript) to display
# properly (landscape, font, etc).
#
# Set the maximum allowable length for each line of ASCII text.
$line_length = 76;
# Set the path and name of the Samba print script
$print_prog = "/usr/bin/smbprint";
# Set the path and name to nenscript (the ASCII-->Postscript converter)
$nenscript = "/usr/bin/nenscript";
unless ( -f $print_prog ) {
die "Can't find $print_prog!";
}
unless ( -f $nenscript ) {
die "Can't find $nenscript!";
}
&ParseCmdLine(@ARGV);
# DBG
print "filetype is $filetype\n";
if ($filetype eq "ASCII") {
&wrap($line_length);
} elsif ($filetype eq "code") {
&codeformat;
} elsif ($filetype eq "ps") {
&createarray;
} else {
print "Sorry..no known file type.\n";
exit 0;
}
# Pipe the array to smbprint
open(PRINTER, "|$print_prog") || die "Can't open $print_prog: $!\n";
foreach $line (@newlines) {
print PRINTER $line;
}
# Send an extra linefeed in case a file has an incomplete last line.
print PRINTER "\n";
close(PRINTER);
print "Completed\n";
exit 0;
# --------------------------------------------------- #
# Everything below here is a subroutine #
# --------------------------------------------------- #
sub ParseCmdLine {
# Parses the command line, finding out what file type the file is
# Gets $arg and $file to be the arguments (if the exists)
# and the filename
if ($#_ < 0) {
&usage;
}
# DBG
# foreach $element (@_) {
# print "*$element* \n";
# }
$arg = shift(@_);
if ($arg =~ /\-./) {
$cmd = $arg;
# DBG
# print "\$cmd found.\n";
$file = shift(@_);
} else {
$file = $arg;
}
# Defining the file type
unless ($cmd) {
# We have no arguments
if ($file =~ /\.ps$/) {
$filetype = "ps";
} elsif ($file =~ /\.java$|\.c$|\.h$|\.pl$|\.sh$|\.csh$|\.m4$|\.inc$|\.html$|\.htm$/) {
$filetype = "code";
} else {
$filetype = "ASCII";
}
# Process $file for what type is it and return $filetype
} else {
# We have what type it is in $arg
if ($cmd =~ /^-p$/) {
$filetype = "ps";
} elsif ($cmd =~ /^-c$/) {
$filetype = "code";
} elsif ($cmd =~ /^-a$/) {
$filetype = "ASCII"
}
}
}
sub usage {
print "
Usage: print [-a|c|p] <filename>
-a prints <filename> as ASCII
-c prints <filename> formatted as source code
-p prints <filename> as Postscript
If no switch is given, print attempts to
guess the file type and print appropriately.\n
";
exit(0);
}
sub wrap {
# Create an array of file lines, where each line is < the
# number of characters specified, and wrapped only on whitespace
# Get the number of characters to limit the line to.
$limit = pop(@_);
# DBG
#print "Entering subroutine wrap\n";
#print "The line length limit is $limit\n";
# Read in the file, parse and put into an array.
open(FILE, "<$file") || die "Can't open $file: $!\n";
while(<FILE>) {
$line = $_;
# DBG
#print "The line is:\n$line\n";
# Wrap the line if it is over the limit.
while ( length($line) > $limit ) {
# DBG
#print "Wrapping...";
# Get the first $limit +1 characters.
$part = substr($line,0,$limit +1);
# DBG
#print "The partial line is:\n$part\n";
# Check to see if the last character is a space.
$last_char = substr($part,-1, 1);
if ( " " eq $last_char ) {
# If it is, print the rest.
# DBG
#print "The last character was a space\n";
substr($line,0,$limit + 1) = "";
substr($part,-1,1) = "";
push(@newlines,"$part\n");
} else {
# If it is not, find the last space in the
# sub-line and print up to there.
# DBG
#print "The last character was not a space\n";
# Remove the character past $limit
substr($part,-1,1) = "";
# Reverse the line to make it easy to find
# the last space.
$revpart = reverse($part);
$index = index($revpart," ");
if ( $index > 0 ) {
substr($line,0,$limit-$index) = "";
push(@newlines,substr($part,0,$limit-$index)
. "\n");
} else {
# There was no space in the line, so
# print it up to $limit.
substr($line,0,$limit) = "";
push(@newlines,substr($part,0,$limit)
. "\n");
}
}
}
push(@newlines,$line);
}
close(FILE);
}
sub codeformat {
# Call subroutine wrap then filter through nenscript
&wrap($line_length);
# Pipe the results through nenscript to create a Postscript
# file that adheres to some decent format for printing
# source code (landscape, Courier font, line numbers).
# Print this to a temporary file first.
$tmpfile = "/tmp/nenscript$$";
open(FILE, "|$nenscript -2G -i$file -N -p$tmpfile -r") ||
die "Can't open nenscript: $!\n";
foreach $line (@newlines) {
print FILE $line;
}
close(FILE);
# Read the temporary file back into an array so it can be
# passed to the Samba print script.
@newlines = ("");
open(FILE, "<$tmpfile") || die "Can't open $file: $!\n";
while(<FILE>) {
push(@newlines,$_);
}
close(FILE);
system("rm $tmpfile");
}
sub createarray {
# Create the array for postscript
open(FILE, "<$file") || die "Can't open $file: $!\n";
while(<FILE>) {
push(@newlines,$_);
}
close(FILE);
}