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4. Using RPM

RPM 可以用於安装程式套件上, 最简单的操作格式如下:

rpm -i foobar-1.0-1.i386.rpm
另一个简单的操作□例, 是用於解除某一个程式套件的安装:
rpm -e foobar

接下来的指令□例较为复杂, 但它非常有用, 可以让您透过 FTP 来安装程式套件。 如果您能够连上网路, 想安装某个新的程式套件时, 所需下达的指令, 便是在档案前加上适当的 URL 格式, 例如:

rpm -i ftp://ftp.pht.com/pub/linux/redhat/rh-2.0-beta/RPMS/foobar-1.0-1.i386.rpm

请特别注意, RPM 目前已允许透过 FTP 来进行查询或安装。

上述都是些简单的指令, rpm 还有许多不同的选项方式, 这些可由 Usage 的说明中看出:

RPM version 2.3.9
Copyright (C) 1997 - Red Hat Software
This may be freely redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public License

usage: rpm {--help}
       rpm {--version}
       rpm {--initdb}   [--dbpath <dir>]
       rpm {--install -i} [-v] [--hash -h] [--percent] [--force] [--test]
                        [--replacepkgs] [--replacefiles] [--root <dir>]
                        [--excludedocs] [--includedocs] [--noscripts]
                        [--rcfile <file>] [--ignorearch] [--dbpath <dir>]
                        [--prefix <dir>] [--ignoreos] [--nodeps]
                        [--ftpproxy <host>] [--ftpport <port>]
                        file1.rpm ... fileN.rpm
       rpm {--upgrade -U} [-v] [--hash -h] [--percent] [--force] [--test]
                        [--oldpackage] [--root <dir>] [--noscripts]
                        [--excludedocs] [--includedocs] [--rcfile <file>]
                        [--ignorearch]  [--dbpath <dir>] [--prefix <dir>] 
                        [--ftpproxy <host>] [--ftpport <port>]
                        [--ignoreos] [--nodeps] file1.rpm ... fileN.rpm
       rpm {--query -q} [-afpg] [-i] [-l] [-s] [-d] [-c] [-v] [-R]
                        [--scripts] [--root <dir>] [--rcfile <file>]
                        [--whatprovides] [--whatrequires] [--requires]
                        [--ftpuseport] [--ftpproxy <host>] [--ftpport <port>]
                        [--provides] [--dump] [--dbpath <dir>] [targets]
       rpm {--verify -V -y} [-afpg] [--root <dir>] [--rcfile <file>]
                        [--dbpath <dir>] [--nodeps] [--nofiles] [--noscripts]
                        [--nomd5] [targets]
       rpm {--setperms} [-afpg] [target]
       rpm {--setugids} [-afpg] [target]
       rpm {--erase -e} [--root <dir>] [--noscripts] [--rcfile <file>]
                        [--dbpath <dir>] [--nodeps] [--allmatches]
                        package1 ... packageN
       rpm {-b|t}[plciba] [-v] [--short-circuit] [--clean] [--rcfile  <file>]
                        [--sign] [--test] [--timecheck <s>] specfile
       rpm {--rebuild} [--rcfile <file>] [-v] source1.rpm ... sourceN.rpm
       rpm {--recompile} [--rcfile <file>] [-v] source1.rpm ... sourceN.rpm
       rpm {--resign} [--rcfile <file>] package1 package2 ... packageN
       rpm {--addsign} [--rcfile <file>] package1 package2 ... packageN
       rpm {--checksig -K} [--nopgp] [--nomd5] [--rcfile <file>]
                           package1 ... packageN
       rpm {--rebuilddb} [--rcfile <file>] [--dbpath <dir>]
       rpm {--querytags}

您可以在 RPM 的 man page 里, 找到这些选项的详细说明。


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