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4. DHCP ¼­¹ö ¼Â¾÷

4.1 À¯´Ð½º¸¦ À§ÇÑ DHCP ¼­¹ö

ÈçÈ÷ ¸»ÇÏ´Â À¯´Ð½º ½ºÅ¸ÀÏÀÇ OS¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â DHCP ¼­¹öÀÇ Á¾·ù´Â ´Ù¾çÇÏ´Ù. À̰͵éÀº »ó¿ë ¶Ç´Â ¹«·áÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¹èÆ÷µÈ´Ù. ¹«·á ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÁß ¸Å¿ì Àαâ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÁß Çϳª°¡ Paul Vixie/ISC DHCDdÀÌ´Ù. °¡Àå ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ ¹öÀüÀº 1.0ÀÌ°í, ÇöÀç 2.0ÀÌ º£Å¸ Å×½ºÆ® ÁßÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿ì¸®´Â 1.0À¸·Î ¹®¼­¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ¿´°í ¾ÆÁ÷Àº 1.0À» »ç¿ëÇϱ⸦ ±Ç°íÇÑ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ »çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/dhcp/

´Ù¿î·Îµå ÈÄ ¾ÐÃàÀ» Ç®°í »ý±ä µð·ºÅ丮·Î µé¾î°¡ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ °úÁ¤À» ¹â´Â´Ù.

./configure
¾Æ¸¶ ¼³Á¤À» ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ ¾î´ÀÁ¤µµÀÇ ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸± °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù µÇ¸é
make;make install
À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ½î½º¸¦ ÄÄÆÄÀÏÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù.

4.2 ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤

¼³Ä¡°¡ ³¡³ª°í³ª¸é ifconfig -a ¸í·ÉÀ» ÅëÇØ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ³»¿ëÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


eth0      Link encap:10Mbps Ethernet  HWaddr 00:C0:4F:D3:C4:62
          inet addr:183.217.19.43  Bcast:183.217.19.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:2875542 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
          TX packets:218647 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
          Interrupt:11 Base address:0x210

¸¸ÀÏ 3¹ø° ¶óÀο¡ ÀÖ´Â MULTICAST ¶ó´Â ´Ü¾î°¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é ¸ÖƼij½ºÆ®¸¦ Áö¿øÇϵµ·Ï Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏÀ» ´Ù½ÃÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼­´Â ¸ÖƼij½ºÆ®°¡ Áö¿øµÇ°í ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ °úÁ¤Àº 255.255.255.255¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀ» Ãß°¡ÇØ ÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. DHCPdÀÇ README ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼­ ÀοëÇØ º¸¸é

¾î¶² ¼±ÅÃµÈ Å¬¶óÀ̾ðÆ® - ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î windows 95 ½Ã½ºÅÛ - ¿Í Àß ºÎÇÕµÇ¾î µ¹¾Æ°¡´Â dhcpd¸¦ À§Çؼ­, µ¥¸ó¿¡¼­ ´ë»ó IP ÁÖ¼ÒÀÎ 255.255.255.255¿Í ÆÐŶµéÀ» ÇÔ²² º¸³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ºÒÇàÈ÷µµ ¸®´ª½º´Â 255.255.255.255¸¦ ³»ºÎ ¼­ºê³Ý ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½º·Î ¼³Á¤ÇØ ¹ö¸®°í ¸¸´Ù. ÀÌ·± °á°ú´Â DHCP ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ°ú ºÎÇÕµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¹°·Ð ¸¹Àº DHCP Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®¿¡¼­´Â ÀÌ·± ¹®Á¦Á¡ÀÌ µå·¯³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸î¸î Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®(¸ðµç ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î¼ÒÇÁÆ®»çÀÇ Å¬¶óÀ̾ðÆ®)¿¡¼­´Â ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶ DHCPOFFER ¸Þ¼¼Áö¸¦ ¼­¹ö·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °æ°í°¡ ³ª¿Ã °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¸í·ÉÇàÀ¸·Î Ãß°¡ÇÑ´Ù.

route add -host 255.255.255.255 dev eth0

¸¸ÀÏ

255.255.255.255: Unknown host

¶ó´Â ÀÀ´äÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù¸é /etc/hostsÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÑ ÈÄ

255.255.255.255 all-ones

´Ù½Ã Çѹø ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.

route add -host all-ones dev eth0

ȤÀº ÀÌ·± ¹æ½Äµµ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.

route add -net 255.255.255.0 dev eth0

´ç¿¬ÇÑ À̾߱âÁö¸¸ eth0Àº ¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ À̸§ÀÌ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ À̸§À» ¾´´Ù¸é ÀûÀýÈ÷ ¹Ù²ãÁÖ±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.

4.3 DHCPdÀÇ ¿É¼Ç

ÀÌÁ¦ DHCPd¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¼³Á¤ ÆÄÀÏÀº /etc/dhcpd.confÀÌ´Ù. ¾ø´Ù¸é ¸¸µéµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î´Â IP address¸¦ ÀÓÀÇ·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¼³Á¤À¸·Î °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.


default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
option routers 192.168.1.254;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1, 192.168.1.2;
option domain-name "mydomain.org";

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
   range 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.100;
   range 192.168.1.150 192.168.1.200;
}

À§ÀÇ ¼³Á¤À¸·Î´Â Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®¿¡°Ô 192.168.1.10¿¡¼­ 192.168.1.100±îÁö ±×¸®°í 192.168.1.150ºÎÅÍ 192.168.1.200±îÁöÀÇ IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ÇÒ´çÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®°¡ ÀûÀýÇÑ ½Ã°£³»¿¡ ÀÀ´äÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ, ¿ì¼±ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â 600ÃÊ µ¿¾È IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ÇÒ´çÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é ÃÖ´ëÇÑ 7200Ãʸ¦ ÇÒ´çÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ¼­¹ö´Â °¢ Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ¼­ºê³Ý ¸¶½ºÅ©¸¦ 255.255.255.0À¸·Î ¾²µµ·Ï ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù. 192.168.1.255´Â ºê·Îµå ij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½ºÀÌ°í, 192.168.1.254´Â ¶ó¿ìÅͳª °ÔÀÌÆ®¿þÀ̸¦ °¡¸®Å²´Ù. ¹°·Ð µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓ ¼­¹ö ¿ª½Ã ¼¼ÆõǾîÀÖ´Ù. ¸¸ÀÏ Æ¯Á¤ ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µå¸¦ °¡Áø Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®¿¡°Ô ƯÁ¤ÇÑ IPÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ÁÖ°í ½Í´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.


host haagen {
   hardware ethernet 08:00:2b:4c:59:23;
   fixed-address 192.168.1.222;
}

ÀÌ °ÍÀº ÀÌ´õ³Ý ¾îµå·¹½º·Î 08:00:2b:4c:59:23¸¦ °¡Áø ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Ä«µå¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ 192.168.1.222ÀÇ IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ÇÒ´çÇØ ÁØ´Ù.

¶ÇÇÑ ¿©·¯°¡Áö ¿É¼ÇµéÀ» ¼¯¾î ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. Áï ¾î¶² Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®´Â °íÁ¤ÀûÀÎ IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ°í(¼­¹öµé) ´Ù¸¥ °ÍµéÀº ´ÙÀ̳ª¹ÍÇÑ IP ·Î ÇÒ´çÇϱ⸦ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù¸é ´Ù¸¥ ¿É¼ÇµéÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼¼Æà °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù(ex wins server addresses, time server µîµî) ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Ë°í ½Í´Ù¸é dhcp.confÀÇ ¸Å´º¾óÀ» Âü°íÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù.

4.4 ¼­¹ö ½ÇÇàÇϱâ

´Ü¼øÇÏ°Ô´Â

/usr/sbin/dhcpd
¶ó°í ¸í·ÉÀ» ÁÖ´Â °Í¸¸À¸·Î °£´ÜÈ÷ ½ÇÇà ÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´Ù.(ȤÀº ºÎÆ® ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡ ³Ö´Â ¹æ¹ý ¿ª½Ã À¯¿ëÇÏ´Ù) ¸¸ÀÏ ÃÖÃÊ·Î ½ÇÇàÇØ º¼¶§ ¿©·¯°¡Áö ¼³Á¤ »çÇ׵鿡 ´ëÇØ È®ÀÎÇØ º¸°í ½Í´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î µð¹ö±ë ¸ðµå¿¡ Æ÷±×¶ó¿îµå ¸ðµå·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

/usr/sbin/dhcpd -d -f
ÀÚ ÀÌÁ¦ DHCP¸¦ Áö¿øÇϴ Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®¸¦ ºÎÆýÃÅ°°í ¼­¹öÀÇ Äֿܼ¡ ¶ß´Â ¸Þ¼¼Áö¸¦ Á¡°ËÇÏÀÚ. ¿À·ù¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÒ Áöµµ, ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½Ç·Â¿¡ °¨ÅºÇÒ Áöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù.


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